1 Samuel 20 — English–Hebrew Parallel

1 Dawad (David) barach (fled) from Nawayath (Naioth) in Ramah (Ramah), and bawaa (bring) and amar (said) panayam (face) Yahawanathan (Jonathan), “What ishah (make) I done? What is my iwan (guilt/iniquity)? What is my chataah (sin) panayam (face) your ab (father), that he baqash (seeks) my napash (soul)?”

2 He amar (said) to him, “chalayalah (far) from it; you shall not mawath (death). Behold, my ab (father) ishah (make) nothing either gadawal (very great/important/mighty) or qatan (small / young / least), but that he galah (discloses) it to me; and why should my ab (father) sathar (hide) this thing from me? It is not so.”

3 Dawad (David) shabai (swear / take oath) moreover, and amar (spoke), “Your ab (father) yadai (knows) well that I matzaa (have) found favor in your iyan (eye); and he amar (spoke), ‘Don't let Yahawanathan (Jonathan) yadai (know) this, lest he be itzab (grieved):’ but awalam (truly) as Yahawah () chay (life), and as your napash (soul) chay (life), there is but a pashai (step) between me and mawath (death).”

4 Then Yahawanathan (Jonathan) amar (said) to Dawad (David), “Whatever your napash (soul) amar (said), I will even ishah (make) it for you.”

5 Dawad (David) amar (said) to Yahawanathan (Jonathan), “Behold, machar (tomorrow) is the new chadash (month), and I should not yashab (inhabit/dwell) to akal (eat) with the malak (king); but shalach (send) me go, that I may sathar (hide) myself in the shadah (field) to the shalayashay (third) irab (evening) at evening.

6 If your ab (father) paqad (visit) me at paqad (visit), then amar (said), ‘Dawad (David) shaal (earnestly) shaal (asked) leave of me that he might rawatz (run) to Bayath-Lacham (Bethlehem) his iyar (city); for it is the yawam (day) zabach (sacrifice) there for all the mashapachah (tribe / clan / family).’

7 If he amar (said), ‘It is tawab (good / proper function);’ your ibad (servant) shall have shalawam (peace / safety): but if he be charah (hot with anger), then yadai (know) that rai (evil) is kalah (complete / finish) by him.

8 Therefore ishah (make) chasad (grace) with your ibad (servant); for you bawaa (come) brought your ibad (servant) into a barayath (covenant) of Yahawah () with you: but if there is iwan (guilt/iniquity) in me, mawath (death) me yourself; for why should you bawaa (come) me to your ab (father)?”

9 Yahawanathan (Jonathan) amar (said), “chalayalah (far) be it from you; for if I should at all yadai (know) that rai (evil) were kalah (complete / finish) by my ab (father) to bawaa (bring) on you, then wouldn't I nagad (tell) you that?”

10 Then Dawad (David) amar (said) to Yahawanathan (Jonathan), “Who shall nagad (tell) me if perchance your ab (father) inah (answer / respond) you qashah (rough / hard)?”

11 Yahawanathan (Jonathan) amar (said) to Dawad (David), “yalak (come), and yatzaa (go out / come out) us go out into the shadah (field).” They shanayam (two) yatzaa (go out / come out) out into the shadah (field).

12 Yahawanathan (Jonathan) amar (spoke) to Dawad (David), “By Yahawah (), the Alahayam () of Yashar-Al (Israel), when I have chaqar (sounded) my ab (father) about this ith (time) machar (tomorrow), or the shalayashay (third) machar (day), behold, if there is tawab (good / proper function) toward Dawad (David), shall I not then shalach (send) to you, and disclose it to you?

13 Yahawah () ishah (make) so to Yahawanathan (Jonathan), and more also, should it yatab (please) my ab (father) to do you rai (evil), if I don't galah (disclose) it to you, and shalach (send) you away, that you may halak (move) in shalawam (peace / safety): and Yahawah () be with you, as he has been with my ab (father).

14 You shall not only am (mother) yet I chay (life) show me the loving chasad (grace) of Yahawah (), that I not mawath (death);

15 But also you shall not karath (cut) off your chasad (grace) from my bayath (house) iwalam (forever); no, not when Yahawah () has karath (cut) off the ayabay (enemies) of Dawad (David) everyone from the surface of the adamah (earth).”

16 So Yahawanathan (Jonathan) karath (cut) a covenant with the bayath (house) of Dawad (David), saying, “Yahawah () will baqash (require) it at the yad (hand) of Dawad (David's) ayabay (enemies).”

17 Yahawanathan (Jonathan) caused Dawad (David) to shabai (swear / take oath) again, for the ahabah (love) that he had to him; for he ahab (love) him as he ahabah (loved) his own napash (soul).

18 Then Yahawanathan (Jonathan) amar (said) to him, “machar (tomorrow) is the new chadash (month): and you will be paqad (visit), because your mawashab (seat) will be paqad (visit).

19 When you have stayed shalash (three) days, you shall bawaa (bring) down maad (quickly), and bawaa (bring) to the maqawam (place) where you sathar (hid) yourself when this started, and shall yashab (inhabit/dwell) by the aban (stone) Azal (Ezel).

20 I will yarah (shoot) shalawash (three) chatzayam (arrows) on its tzad (side), as though I shalach (send) at a mataraa (mark).

21 Behold, I will shalach (send) the nair (boy), amar (spoke), ‘yalak (go), matzaa (find) the chatzayam (arrows)!’ If I amar (spoke) the nair (boy), ‘Behold, the chatzayam (arrows) are on this side of you. Laqach (take / seize) them;’ then bawaa (come); for there is shalawam (peace / safety) to you and no dabar (word / matter), as Yahawah () chay (life).

22 But if I amar (spoke) this to the boy, ‘Behold, the chatzayam (arrows) are halaah (beyond) you;’ then go your yalak (way); for Yahawah () has shalach (send) you away.

23 Dabar (word / matter) the matter which you and I have dabar (word / matter) of, behold, Yahawah () is between you and me iwalam (forever).”

24 So Dawad (David) sathar (hid) himself in the shadah (field): and when the new chadash (month) had come, the malak (king) yashab (inhabit/dwell) him down to akal (eat) lacham (food).

25 The malak (king) yashab (inhabit/dwell) on his mawashab (seat), as at other paim (times), even on the mawashab (seat) by the qayar (wall); and Yahawanathan (Jonathan) qawam (rise up) up, and Abanar (Abner) yashab (inhabit/dwell) by Shaawal (Sheol / afterlife) tzad (side): but Dawad (David's) maqawam (place) was paqad (visit).

26 Nevertheless Shaawal (Sheol / afterlife) didn't dabar (word / matter) anything that yawam (day): for he amar (said), “maqarah (something) has happened to him. He is not tahawar (clean). Surely he is not tahawar (clean).”

27 It happened on the next macharath (day) after the new chadash (month), the shanay (second) day, that Dawad (David's) maqawam (place) was paqad (visit). Shaawal (Sheol / afterlife) amar (said) to Yahawanathan (Jonathan) his ban (son), “Why doesn't the ban (son) of Yashay (Jesse) bawaa (bring) to lacham (eat), neither thamawal (yesterday), nor today?”

28 Yahawanathan (Jonathan) inah (answer / respond) Shaawal (Sheol / afterlife), “Dawad (David) shaal (earnestly) shaal (asked) leave of me to go to Bayath-Lacham (Bethlehem).

29 He amar (said), ‘Please shalach (send) me go, for our mashapachah (tribe / clan / family) has a zabach (sacrifice) in the iyar (city). My ach (brother/kinsman) has tzawah (commanded) me to be there. Now, if I matzaa (have) found favor in your iyan (eye), please malat (let) me go away and raah (see / saw) my ach (brother/kinsman).’ Therefore he bawaa (bring) not come to the malak (king) shalachan (table).”

30 Then Shaawal (Sheol / afterlife) ap (nostril / picture: bull snorting) was charah (hot with anger) against Yahawanathan (Jonathan), and he amar (said) to him, “You ban (son) of a iwah (perverse) maradawath (rebellious) woman, don't I yadai (know) that you have bachar (chosen) the ban (son) of Yashay (Jesse) to your own bashath (shame), and to the bashath (shame) of your am (mother) irawah (nakedness)?

31 For as yawam (day) as the ban (son) of Yashay (Jesse) chayay (life) on the adamah (earth), you shall not be kawan (established), nor your malakawath (kingdom). Therefore now shalach (send) and laqach (take / seize) him to me, for he shall ban (son) die!”

32 Yahawanathan (Jonathan) inah (answer / respond) Shaawal (Sheol / afterlife) his ab (father), and amar (said) to him, “Why should he be put to mawath (death)? What ishah (make) he done?”

33 Shaawal (Sheol / afterlife) tawal (cast) his chanayath (spear) at him to nakah (strike) him. By this Yahawanathan (Jonathan) yadai (knew) that his ab (father) kalah (complete / finish) determined to put Dawad (David) to mawath (death).

34 So Yahawanathan (Jonathan) qawam (rise up) from the shalachan (table) in charay (fierce) ap (nostril / picture: bull snorting), and akal (eat) no lacham (food) the shanay (second) yawam (day) of the chadash (month); for he was itzab (grieved) for Dawad (David), because his ab (father) had kalam (done) him shame.

35 It happened in the baqar (morning), that Yahawanathan (Jonathan) yatzaa (go out / come out) out into the shadah (field) at the mawaid (Feast/Holy Day) appointed with Dawad (David), and a qatan (small / young / least) nair (boy) with him.

36 He amar (said) to his nair (boy), “rawatz (run), matzaa (find) now the chatzayam (arrows) which I yarah (shoot).” As the nair (boy) rawatz (ran), he yarah (shot) an chatzay (arrow) ibar (pass over/through) him.

37 When the nair (boy) bawaa (bring) come to the maqawam (place) of the chatzay (arrow) which Yahawanathan (Jonathan) had yarah (shot), Yahawanathan (Jonathan) qaraa (called) achar (other) the nair (boy), and amar (said), “Isn't the chatzay (arrow) halaah (beyond) you?”

38 Yahawanathan (Jonathan) qaraa (called) achar (other) the nair (boy), “Go fast! Hurry! Don't delay!” Yahawanathan (Jonathan's) nair (boy) laqat (gathered) up the chatzay (arrows), and bawaa (bring) to his adawan (master / lord).

39 But the nair (boy) didn't yadai (know) anything. Only Yahawanathan (Jonathan) and Dawad (David) yadai (knew) the dabar (word / matter).

40 Yahawanathan (Jonathan) nathan (give) his kalay (weapons) to his nair (boy), and amar (said) to him, “yalak (go), bawaa (bring) them to the iyar (city).”

41 As soon as the nair (boy) was bawaa (bring), Dawad (David) qawam (rise up) out of the nagab (south), and napal (fall / be cast down) on his ap (nostril / picture: bull snorting) to the aratz (Earth/land), and shachah (bowed) himself shalawash (three) paimayam (times). They nashaq (kissed) ayash (man / husband) rai (neigbor/another person), and bakah (wept) ayash (man / husband) with rai (neigbor/another person), and Dawad (David) bakah (wept) the most.

42 Yahawanathan (Jonathan) amar (spoke) to Dawad (David), “halak (move) in shalawam (peace / safety), because we have shanayam (two) shabai (swear / take oath) in the sham (name) of Yahawah (), amar (spoke), ‘Yahawah () shall be between me and you, and between my zarai (seed) and your zarai (seed), iwalam (forever).’” He arose and departed; and Yahawanathan (Jonathan) halak (move) into the city.